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The involvement of Narcissus hispanicus Gouan in the origin of Narcissus bujei and of cultivated trumpet daffodils (Amaryllidaceae)
Zonneveld, B. J.M.
Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid , 2010,
Abstract: To investigate the origin of cultivated trumpet daffodils the genome size (2C-value) of more than 100 old and new cultivars were measured. A large number of concolored yellow tetraploid cultivars with large coronas seem to be derived from a doubling of chromosomes of a hybrid of the two species N. hispanicus Gouan and N. pseudonarcissus L. This can also still be recognized by the presence of a black spot at the top of the anthers in about 15 % of the tetraploid cultivars. Assuming N. pseudonarcissus as one of the parents of the allotetraploid cultivars, species of trumpet daffodils of section Pseudonarcissi investigated earlier were compared. Doubling of the nuclear DNA content of 23.8 pg of N. pseudonarcissus falls short of the values found for the trumpet daffodils. Species of trumpet daffodils of section Pseudonarcissi with a complementing higher amount of nuclear DNA like N. hispanicus with 25.8 pg, N. poeticus L. with 26 pg and the hexaploid N. pseudonarcissus ssp. bicolor (L.) Baker with 67.7 pg (Zonneveld,2008) and other species were evaluated. N. hispanicus with 25.8 pg clearly differs from N. pseudonarcissus with 23.8 pg and is accepted here also as a species. The nuclear DNA content of N. bujei (Fern. Casas) Fern. Casas with 30 pg fits with the (ancient) hybrid origin for N. bujei between N. longispathus Pugsley (36 pg) and N. hispanicus Gouan (25.8 pg). The tetraploids with white tepals and yellow corona’s can be obtained by crossing a diploid N. pseudonarcissus with the hexaploid and bicolored N. pseudonarcissus ssp. bicolor (L.) Baker. Para investigar el origen de los narcisos trompeta cultivados se midió el tama o del genoma (valor 2C) de más de 100 cultivares viejos y nuevos. Un gran número de cultivares tetraploides amarillos de color uniforme y con grandes coronas parecían derivarse de una duplicación de cromosomas de un híbrido de las dos especies N. hispanicus Gouan y N. pseudonarcissus L. Esto también se observa por la presencia de una mancha negra en la parte superior de las anteras en alrededor del 15 % de los cultivares tetraploides. Tomando a N. pseudonarcissus por uno de los parentales de los cultivares alotetraploides, se compararon especies de narcisos trompeta de la sección Pseudonarcissi que ya hubiesen sido investigados anteriormente. La duplicación del contenido de ADN nuclear de 23,8 pg de N. pseudonarcissus queda por debajo de los valores hallados en los narcisos trompeta. Se evaluaron otras especies de narciso trompeta de la sección Pseudonarcissi con una cantidad más alta de ADN nuclear complementaria, tales como N. hi
Differential anuran bone preservation in a taphocenoti sample of Barn owl pellets
J.M. Rey,B. Sanchiz
Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia , 2005,
Abstract: Los restos procedentes de la depredación de rapaces nocturnas son el componente tafocenótico más importante de los anfibios recuperados en yacimientos del Cuaternario europeo. En este trabajo se analiza un depósito actual de egagrópilas de Lechuza común (Tyto alba), próximo a su destrucción tafocenótica, procedente de Campos y Salave (Asturias). Se han recuperado 4973 huesos de anuros, pertenecientes a 140 individuos. Para dos de las especies presentes (Discoglossus galganoi y Rana temporaria), se calcula el grado de conservación, capacidad de identificacion y variaciones en la diferencia del Número Mínimo de individuos de cada uno de los elementos principales del esqueleto. No hay diferencias significativas de conservación entre elementos bilaterales, ni de proporción de elementos entre especies, detectándose en cambio grandes variaciones en resistencia estructural de cada hueso, y por ende en su facilidad para ser recuperados. El ílion se confirma como elemento individual que presenta la mayor capacidad de conservarse y ser recuperado, siendo una base firme para la identificacion taxonómica.
Effect of Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Levamisole on performance of Broilers
A.B. Rajput,B.R. Kolte,J.M. Shisodiya,J.M. Chandankhede and J.M. Chahande
Veterinary World , 2009,
Abstract: One hundred and eighty (180) unsexed day-old, commercial broiler chicks were purchased from Venkateshwara Hatcheries Pvt. Ltd. These chicks were weighed individually and uniformly distributed as 30 chicks in each of six groups. Each group was divided into two replicates with 15 chicks in each. The birds were offered feed and water ad-libitum. The chicks were fed with starter mash which contained crude protein 22% and metabolizable energy 2918 Kcal / kg up to three weeks of age. For next 3 weeks i.e. from 4 to 6 weeks of age with finisher mash which containedcrude protein 20% and metabolizable energy 2966 Kcal/ kg.Group T0 (control group) was fed standard broiler mash. In group T1 Vitamin A was added @ 8500 IU/ litre of Drinking water. Group T2 was fed Broiler mash + Vitamin C @ 500 mg/ kg of feed. Group T3 was fed Broiler mash + Vitamin E @ 300 mg/ kg of feed. Group T4 was given Broiler mash + Levamisole @ 2 gm/ kg of feed and group. T5 was provided with the combination of all the feed supplements Vitamin A added @ 8500 IU/ litre of Drinking water, Broiler mash + Vitamin C @ 500 mg/ kg of feed + Vitamin E @ 300 mg/ kg of feed + Levamisole @ 2 gm /kg of feed.The results of economics of broiler production showed that net cost of production per bird was maximum for T5 (Rs.76.78) followed by T4 (Rs. 67.34), T1 (Rs. 66.56), T0 (Rs. 59.11),T2 (Rs. 58.16) and T3 (Rs. 58.02). The net profit per bird for groups T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 was Rs. 28.44, 21.49, 30.59, 30.48, 20.41and 11.12, respectively. The supplemented groups T2 and T3 have more net profit than control group. However, group T1, T4 and T5 had less net profit than the control group. [Vet World 2009; 2(6.000): 225-227]
Número cromoss？mico, análise meiótica e estimativa da viabilidade polínica em popula？？es de Hyptis mutabilis (Rich.) Briq.
Fachinetto, J.M.;Tedesco, S.B.;
Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais , 2009, DOI: 10.1590/S1516-05722009000100017
Abstract: hyptis mutabilis is a medicinal species from the lamiaceae family, with an important phytotherapeutic value. there are no reports neither on chromosomal studies nor meiotic behavior from the brazilian south with regard to this plant. mitotic chromosomes, meiotic behavior, and pollen viability were studied in 05 populations of h. mutabilis from rio grande do sul state, brazil, using staining with acetic orcein 2%. the populations presented chromosome number 2n = 28, being that in some cells was found 2n = 26 and 32 chromosomes, indicating occurrence of polissomaty. occurred irregularities on univalent, trivalent, and tetravalent pairing associations, as well as presence of lagging during the disjunction. however, the mitotic index and pollen viability estimative values were high, 71.19 to 92.34% and 83.25 to 96%, respectively.
Atividade antiproliferativa e mutagênica dos extratos aquosos de Baccharis trimera (Less.) A. P. de Candolle e Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) sobre o sistema teste de Allium cepa
Fachinetto, J.M.;Tedesco, S.B.;
Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais , 2009, DOI: 10.1590/S1516-05722009000400002
Abstract: the medicinal species baccharis trimera and baccharis articulata, which are native to the south of brazil, are extensively used in popular medicine. this study aimed to evaluate the potential cytotoxic effect of these infusions on the cell cycle of allium cepa. branches of two populations of each species collected during the vegetative and reproductive (flowering) stages were used to prepare infusions at two concentrations: 15 mg ml-1 and 75 mg ml-1. onion (allium cepa) root-tip cells were used as an in vivo test system. slides were prepared through smashing technique. cells were analyzed throughout a. cepa cell cycle, totaling 4000 cells for each group of bulbs. the mitotic index (mi) was calculated, and the statistical analysis performed using the chi-square test (c2 = 0.05). results showed that b. trimera infusions caused mi reduction in both populations, compared with control, but not between concentrations in both used stages. similarly, b. articulata extracts led to mi reduction, compared with control, and one of the populations had mi difference between concentrations in both stages. cells with chromosome aberrations were present in all studied populations. results indicated that the extract of both species showed antiproliferative and mutagenic effects at the studied concentrations; however, no difference was found concerning plant development stage.
Prevalencia de síntomas neurológicos asociados a la fibromialgia
Gómez-Argüelles,J.M.; Anciones,B.;
Revista de la Sociedad Espa？ola del Dolor , 2009,
Abstract: introduction: fibromyalgia can be considered a syndrome. the most frequent symptom and, in fact, the only diagnostic criterion is pain. nevertheless, as a syndromic picture, fibromyalgia includes many other symptoms and signs, which are equally important and possibly sometimes as disabling as pain. among all of these symptoms and signs, those related to the neurological sphere may be fundamental to understanding patients' general state. material and methods: we designed and performed a survey of patients with a prior diagnosis of fibromyalgia with specific items on neuropsychological signs or symptoms associated with this disease, as well as the possibility of receiving treatment for these manifestations. in addition, we enquired about the possible triggering factors of the disease, and the patient′s opinion on the possible cause of the fibromyalgia. results: one hundred surveys were completed. a high percentage of the symptoms were related to the nervous system and, at the time of the survey, these symptoms were reported by over 50% of the patients. almost two-thirds of the patients related the onset of their disease with a stress or triggering factor. on the cause of the fibromyalgia, the most frequent response was that the fibromyalgia was of unknown cause, followed by a possible rheumatologic origin, and thirdly, of a neurological origin. conclusions: patients with fibromyalgia reported a high frequency of associated neurological symptoms. consequently, all clinicians involved in the study and treatment of fibromyalgia should bear in mind the role of neurological symptoms in this syndrome.
Prevalencia de síntomas neurológicos asociados a la fibromialgia Prevalence of neurological symptoms associated with fibromyalgia
J.M. Gómez-Argüelles,B. Anciones
Revista de la Sociedad Espa？ola del Dolor , 2009,
Abstract: Introducción: La fibromialgia se puede considerar un síndrome del que el síntoma más frecuente, y de hecho único criterio diagnóstico, es el dolor. Sin embargo, como cuadro sindrómico que es, engloba muchos otros síntomas y signos, posiblemente igualmente importantes y, a veces, tan incapacitantes como el propio dolor. Dentro de todos ellos, los relacionados con la esfera neurológica pueden ser fundamentales para comprender el estado general que padecen los pacientes. Material y métodos: Se dise ó y realizó una encuesta a pacientes con diagnóstico previo de fibromialgia, interrogando de forma específica por síntomas o signos neuropsicológicos asociados a su enfermedad, así como la posibilidad de estar recibiendo tratamiento para ellos. Además, indagamos por los posibles determinantes del origen de la enfermedad y, por último, también por la opinión de los pacientes acerca del posible origen de su problema, la fibromialgia. Resultados: Recogimos encuestas hasta completar un total de 100 pacientes. Se observó un alto porcentaje de síntomas relacionados con el sistema nervioso en estos pacientes, y la mayoría de los síntomas por los que se preguntó en el momento de la encuesta, se encontraba por encima del 50% de los pacientes. Por otro lado, casi dos terceras partes de los pacientes relacionaron el origen de su enfermedad con algún factor estresante o desencadenante. Sobre el origen de la fibromialgia, la respuesta más repetida por los pacientes fue de causa desconocida, seguido del posible origen reumatológico y, en tercer lugar, el neurológico. Conclusiones: Diversos síntomas neurológicos se asocian con alta frecuencia a su enfermedad, según los propios pacientes. Todos los clínicos involucrados en el estudio y tratamiento de este cuadro deberían tener en cuenta la participación de estos síntomas relacionados con la esfera neurológica, por su alta proporción y trascendencia, según lo refieren los pacientes con fibromialgia. Introduction: Fibromyalgia can be considered a syndrome. The most frequent symptom and, in fact, the only diagnostic criterion is pain. Nevertheless, as a syndromic picture, fibromyalgia includes many other symptoms and signs, which are equally important and possibly sometimes as disabling as pain. Among all of these symptoms and signs, those related to the neurological sphere may be fundamental to understanding patients' general state. Material and methods: We designed and performed a survey of patients with a prior diagnosis of fibromyalgia with specific items on neuropsychological signs or symptoms associated with this disease, as
Un pedazo de la Prehistoria cántabra en Nueva York. Las Colecciones de la Cueva de El Castillo (Puente Viesgo, Cantabria) en el American Museum of Natural History (Nueva York, EEUU)
Tejero, J.M.,Avezuela, B.,White, R.,RANLETT, S.
Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia , 2010,
Abstract: En los a os en torno a la I Guerra Mundial una peque a pero importante colección de objetos de diferentes yacimientos cántabros llegó al AMNH de Nueva York de la mano del arqueólogo norteamericano N. C. Nelson. En un trabajo anterior uno de los firmantes (RW) expuso en detalle las circunstancias historiográficas del traslado de los materiales espa oles a los Estados Unidos. Aunque la representación de los sitios cantábricos comprende las cuevas de El Castillo, Morín y La Franca, además de otros yacimientos peninsulares, en este articulo nos centramos en el conjunto perteneciente a la cueva de El Castillo. La importancia de la secuencia de este yacimiento para la Prehistoria europea, lo disperso de sus colecciones y el desconocimiento de los materiales de AMNH por parte de la comunidad científica, legitiman a nuestro juicio una elección prioritaria del mismo. Presentamos los datos obtenidos de un primer análisis de la serie que comprende los materiales líticos, óseos, y la fauna así como una descripción de las muestras sedimentarias recogidas por Nelson, con especial incidencia de los niveles auri acienses. Entre los materiales de El Castillo destaca la presencia de un fragmento óseo humano (peroné) en curso de estudio, cuyo análisis deberá permitirnos su adscripción taxonómica y cronológica.
Thermomechanical analysis of Natural Rubber behaviour stressed at room temperature.
Caborgan R.,Muracciole J.M.,Wattrisse B.,Chrysochoos A.
EPJ Web of Conferences , 2010, DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100625008
Abstract: Owing to their high molecular mobility, stressed rubber chains can easily change their conformations and get orientated. This phenomena leads to so high reversible draw ratio that this behaviour is called rubber elasticity [1-3]. The analogy with ideal gases leads to an internal energy independent of elongation, the stress being attributed to a so-called configuration entropy. However, this analysis cannot take thermal expansion into account and moreover prohibits predicting standard thermo-elastic effect noticed at small elongations and the thermoelastic inversion effects [4]. This paper aims at : observing and quantifying dissipative and coupling effects associated with deformation energy, generated when Natural Rubber is stretched. re-examine the thermomechanical behaviour model of rubberlike materials, under the generalised standard material concept. From an experimental viewpoint, energy balance is created using infrared and quantitative imaging techniques. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) provides in-the-plane displacement fields and, after derivation, strain and strain-rate fields. We have used those techniques to evidence the thermoelastic inversion effect as shown on Figure 1 where different weights have been fixed to warmed specimen and we monitored the sample deformation while it recovers room temperature. But we have also used those techniques to perform energy balance : analysis of the mechanical equilibrium allows estimates of the stress pattern and computation of deformation energy rates under a plane stress hypothesis [5]. Infrared Thermography (IRT) gives the surface temperature of the sample. To estimate the distribution of heat sources, image processing with a local heat equation and a minimal set of approximation functions (image filtering) was used. The time courses of deformation energy and heat associated with cyclic process are plotted in Figure 2. The time derivatives of both forms of energy are approximately similar. This is consistent with the fundamental hypothesis of the molecular theory of rubber elasticity. To take into account those two thermomechanical couplings a strain tensor was introduced to characterize the configuration of the polymer chain network in terms of a new state variable in order to separate dissipative and coupling rubber mechanisms from standard thermo-elastic effects: comparison between experiments and simulation is shown on figure 1 where the circles are the experimental points and the line the model result. The results are shown to separate dissipative and coupling rubber mechanisms from standard ther
Cost
J.M. Burgette,R.B. Qui？onez
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/2380084418780712
Abstract: Two common methods of treating pediatric dental patients with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) are general anesthesia (GA) and conscious sedation (CS). We sought to first evaluate the cost-effectiveness of treating S-ECC with GA versus CS and then compare the cost-effectiveness at 2 time points: 2011 and 2015. We used a decision tree model to produce 2-y estimates of costs and outcomes from the Medicaid perspective. The model cohort consisted of healthy 3-y-olds with S-ECC in need of a theoretical set of dental treatments to be performed under either a single GA visit or 3 CS visits. Outcomes were measured in caries-free months. Costs were evaluated in 2015 US dollars. Costs, probabilities, and outcomes were estimated from published data, expert opinion, and Medicaid billing at an academic health center. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. As compared with CS, GA resulted in 4 additional caries-free months per child. The cost of a caries-free month for GA versus CS rose from $596 in 2011 to $881 in 2015. These findings were sensitive to loss to follow-up for subsequent CS visits and total cost of GA. Comprehensive S-ECC treatment had better outcomes when performed under GA versus CS. However, GA was not cost saving when compared with CS. While the cost of dental treatment increased for both GA and CS from 2011 to 2015, the cost rose faster for GA. These results have important implications due to the increasing cost to Medicaid insurance and the rising number of young children being treated for S-ECC under GA. Medicaid policy makers can use the results of this study to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of dental treatment for young children with S-ECC at 2 time points: 2011 and 2015. Compared with CS, GA resulted in a longer amount of time during which children were free from dental caries but at a higher cost. The cost difference rose from 2011 to 2015
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